Avelumab (anti-PD-L1)

Catalog No.A2015 Batch: A201502

Technical Data

CAS No.	1537032-82-8
Formulation	PBS buffer, pH 7.2
Isotype	Human IgG1
Source	Human
Storage (From the date of receipt)	Store the undiluted solution at 4°C in the dark to avoid freeze-thaw cycles
Purity	99.9%
Protein concentration	5.59 mg/ml
Endotoxin Level	<1 EU/mg

Biological Activity

Description	Avelumab (anti-PD-L1) (MSB0010718C) is a fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that targets the protein programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Avelumab exhibits potential antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and is used for the treatment of several kinds of carcinoma. MW=143.8 kDa.
In vitro	Co-incubating chordoma cells with brachyury-specific CD8+ T cells results in significant upregulation of PD-L1 on the tumor cells, mediated by the CD8+ T cells' IFN-γ production, and increases sensitivity of chordoma cells to avelumab-mediated ADCC. Residential cancer stem cell subpopulations of chordoma cells are also killed by avelumab-mediated ADCC to the same degree as non-cancer stem cell populations. As a monotherapy for chordoma, avelumab may enable endogenous NK cells, while in combination with T-cell immunotherapy, such as a vaccine, avelumab may enhance NK-cell killing of chordoma cells via ADCC.^[1]
In vivo	An aggressive, bioluminescent orthotopic bladder cancer model, MB49 tumor cells transfected with luciferase (MB49^luc) is used to study the antitumor effects of avelumab. MB49^luc bladder tumors are highly positive for the expression of PD-L1 and avelumab administration induces significant (P<0.05) antitumor effects.^[2]

Protocol (Only for Reference)

Cell Assay:	Objective: Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity assay Cells: UM-Chor1 cells Concentrations: 2 μg/mL Incubation Time: 30 min Method: To examine the relationship between a CSC subpopulation and ADCC activity, UM-Chor1 cells are left untreated or treated with 50 ng/mL of IFN-γ for 24 h. Cells are then plated as targets at 50,000 cells/well in 6-well round-bottom culture plates and incubated with 2 μg/mL of avelumab at room temperature for 30 min. NK cells are added at 2500,000 cells/well at an E:T ratio of 50:1. After 4 h, tumor cells are harvested and stained with antibodies for flow cytometry. Reference: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27172898 Avelumab can apply to humanized mice, non-humanized mice (eg: C57BL/6 mice), peripheral blood and other related assays (Only for Reference)
Animal Study:	Objective: Measurement of individual tumors Animal Models: 16- to 18-week-old female C57BL/6 mice Formulation: DPBS Dosages: 400 μg/100 μL Administration: i.p. Reference: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26921031/ Avelumab can apply to humanized mice, non-humanized mice (eg: C57BL/6 mice), peripheral blood and other related assays (Only for Reference)

Cell Assay:

Objective: Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity assay
Cells: UM-Chor1 cells
Concentrations: 2 μg/mL
Incubation Time: 30 min
Method: To examine the relationship between a CSC subpopulation and ADCC activity, UM-Chor1 cells are left untreated or treated with 50 ng/mL of IFN-γ for 24 h. Cells are then plated as targets at 50,000 cells/well in 6-well round-bottom culture plates and incubated with 2 μg/mL of avelumab at room temperature for 30 min. NK cells are added at 2500,000 cells/well at an E:T ratio of 50:1. After 4 h, tumor cells are harvested and stained with antibodies for flow cytometry.
Reference: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27172898

Avelumab can apply to humanized mice, non-humanized mice (eg: C57BL/6 mice), peripheral blood and other related assays (Only for Reference)

Animal Study:

Objective: Measurement of individual tumors
Animal Models: 16- to 18-week-old female C57BL/6 mice
Formulation: DPBS
Dosages: 400 μg/100 μL
Administration: i.p.
Reference: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26921031/

Avelumab can apply to humanized mice, non-humanized mice (eg: C57BL/6 mice), peripheral blood and other related assays (Only for Reference)

References	[1] Rika Fujii, et al. Oncotarget. 2016 Jun 7;7(23):33498-511. [2] Amanda J Vandeveer, et al. Cancer Immunol Res. 2016 May;4(5):452-62.

References

Customer Product Validation

Selleck's Avelumab (anti-PD-L1) has been cited by 1 publication

TNF-Mediated Inhibition of Classical Swine Fever Virus Replication Is IRF1-, NF-κB- and JAK/STAT Signaling-Dependent [ Viruses, 2021, 13(10)2017]	PubMed: 34696447

TNF-Mediated Inhibition of Classical Swine Fever Virus Replication Is IRF1-, NF-κB- and JAK/STAT Signaling-Dependent [ Viruses, 2021, 13(10)2017]

PubMed: 34696447

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR USE IN HUMANS.

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